A Logic of Orthogonality

A logic of orthogonality characterizes all “orthogonality consequences” of a given class Σ of morphisms, i.e. those morphisms s such that every object orthogonal to Σ is also orthogonal to s. A simple four-rule deduction system is formulated which is sound in every cocomplete category. In locally presentable categories we prove that the deduction system is also complete (a) for all classes Σ of morphisms such that all members except a set are regular epimorphisms and (b) for all classes Σ, without restriction, under the set-theoretical assumption that Vopěnka’s Principle holds. For finitary morphisms, i.e. morphisms with finitely presentable domains and codomains, an appropriate finitary logic is presented, and proved to be sound and complete; here the proof follows immediately from previous joint results of Jǐŕı Rosický and the first two authors.